Full Description

Water demand varies rapidly with both time andlocal pressure, which strongly influences surgeresponse in the distribution system. The constant orpressure-insensitive demand model frequently usedfor surge analysis ignores the pressure-sensitivecharacteristic inherent in actual networks. Theassumption of constant demand can exaggerate themagnitude of a surge wave in the system, whichmay lead to overdesign of surge-protection devicesand unnecessary costs. Results from a comparativestudy indicated that replacing the pressure-insensitivedemand model with a pressure-sensitive orificemodel facilitates a more accurate estimate of water hammerphenomena as well as proper assessmentand cost-effective selection of strategies for surgeprotection and control.Enhancement of distribution system operationand management is a principal benefit of the proposeddemand model. Many water utilities are facingupgrades and modifications needed to improvesystem performance and protect public health. Goodmanagement decisions based on sound modelingprocedures will be required if these improvementsare to be effective and economical. Includes 31 references, tables, figures.

Product Details

Edition: Vol. 101 - No. 4 Published: 04/01/2009 Number of Pages: 12 File Size: 1 file , 870 KB